In vivo antiplasmodial activity of the methanol leaf extract of Piliostigma reticulatum (Dc.) Hochst (Fabaceae)

Abstract Background Piliostigma reticulatum is a plant traditionally used to treat malaria, smallpox, neuralgia, dysentery, diarrhea, and rheumatism in Northern Nigeria. There no scientific evidence support the antimalarial activity of this plant. This work aims investigate vivo antiplasmodial methanol leaf extract (MPR) mice, infected with NK65 chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei . The oral lethal doses preliminary phytochemical screening were performed. therapeutic, suppressive, prophylactic models for at 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg MPR extract. Chloroquine artesunate as positive control drugs, while distilled water was negative group. determined by comparing mean parasite clearance treated groups, Also effect on blood packed-cell volume mice (PCV) determined. Results LD 50 found be > 5000 mg/kg. Glycosides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes alkaloids phytochemicals identified produced significant reduction parasitemia level compared curative test: 250 (68.31%, P < 0.001), 500 (76.53%, MPR1000 (83.65%, 0.001). prolonged survival (18.8 days), (5.2 days). chemosuppression control; (73.79%, (81.33%, (78.37%, chemoprophylaxis (68.5%, (58.7%, (84.77%, have PCV groups control. Conclusions study showed that has tested, could justify traditional use treatment malaria